コペンハーゲンはデンマークの首都(しゅと)で、デンマーク最大(さいだい)の都市(とし)です。「北欧(ほくおう)のパリ」とも呼(よ)ばれる美(うつく)しい都市(とし)です。コペンハーゲンはデンマーク東部(とうぶ)のシェラン島(じま)の東端(とうたん)に位置(いち)し、コペンハーゲン湾(わん)に面(めん)しています。対岸(たいがん)のスウェーデンのマルメとは、オーレスン・リンクという橋(はし)とトンネルで結(むす)ばれています。Copenhagen is the capital and largest city of Denmark. It is a beautiful city sometimes called the "Paris of the North." Copenhagen is located on the eastern end of Zealand, the largest island in Denmark, facing Copenhagen Bay. It is connected to Malmö in Sweden on the opposite shore by the Øresund Link, a bridge and tunnel.
コペンハーゲンはデンマークの首都(しゅと)で、デンマーク最大(さいだい)の都市(とし)です。「北欧(ほくおう)のパリ」とも呼(よ)ばれる美(うつく)しい都市(とし)です。コペンハーゲンはデンマーク東部(とうぶ)のシェラン島(じま)の東端(とうたん)に位置(いち)し、コペンハーゲン湾(わん)に面(めん)しています。対岸(たいがん)のスウェーデンのマルメとは、オーレスン・リンクという橋(はし)とトンネルで結(むす)ばれています。Copenhagen is the capital and largest city of Denmark. It is a beautiful city sometimes called the "Paris of the North." Copenhagen is located on the eastern end of Zealand, the largest island in Denmark, facing Copenhagen Bay. It is connected to Malmö in Sweden on the opposite shore by the Øresund Link, a bridge and tunnel.
Ancient Times to the Middle Ages
In ancient Roman times, Copenhagen was called "Hafnia" and was regarded as a remote area. Around the year 1000, Sweyn Forkbeard and his son Cnut the Great discovered it as a good harbor, marking the beginning of the city. The first harbor was located at the present-day Højbro Square.
Medieval Development
In 1167, Bishop Absalon of Roskilde built a castle on Slotsholmen island, and the construction of the city began. In 1254, it was granted a city charter, but it was often attacked due to conflict with the Hanseatic League. In 1417, the castle became the property of the Danish King, and the city developed as a major center, becoming the capital in the early modern period.
Early Modern Wars and Development
From 1658 to 1659, it was besieged by the Swedish army. In 1801, a naval battle between the Danish and British fleets took place in Copenhagen Bay, resulting in the defeat of the Danish fleet. In 1807, the British army bombarded Copenhagen, causing extensive damage.
In the 1850s, the ramparts that surrounded the old city were torn down, which improved the sanitation of the old city.
World War II and Beyond
On April 9, 1940, German forces invaded and occupied Copenhagen, but it was liberated on May 4, 1945.
In 2000, the Øresund Link opened, connecting Copenhagen with Malmö in Sweden by rail and road.